PythonArithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators in Python

Arithmetic operators in Python are used to perform mathematical operations between numerical values. These operators work with both integers and floating-point numbers.

List of Arithmetic Operators

OperatorSymbolDescription
Addition+Adds two operands
Subtraction-Subtracts the right operand from the left
Multiplication*Multiplies two operands
Division/Divides left operand by right (float result)
Floor Division//Divides and returns the integer quotient
Modulus%Returns remainder after division
Exponentiation**Raises the first operand to the power of the second

1. Addition (+)

Adds two numbers.

addition.py
a = 10
b = 5
print("Sum:", a + b)
output.txt
Sum: 15

Example 2: Adding Floats

addition_float.py
x = 3.5
y = 4.5
print("Result:", x + y)
output.txt
Result: 8.0

Example 3: Adding Mixed Types

addition_mixed.py
num = 7
decimal = 2.3
print("Total:", num + decimal)
output.txt
Total: 9.3

2. Subtraction (-)

Subtracts the right operand from the left.

subtraction.py
a = 15
b = 8
print("Difference:", a - b)
output.txt
Difference: 7

Example 2: Subtracting Floats

subtraction_float.py
x = 10.0
y = 3.75
print("Result:", x - y)
output.txt
Result: 6.25

Example 3: Subtracting with Negative Numbers

subtraction_negative.py
m = -5
n = 12
print("Result:", m - n)
output.txt
Result: -17

3. Multiplication (*)

Multiplies two operands.

multiplication.py
a = 6
b = 4
print("Product:", a * b)
output.txt
Product: 24

Example 2: Multiplying Floats

multiplication_float.py
x = 2.5
y = 4.0
print("Result:", x * y)
output.txt
Result: 10.0

Example 3: Multiplying with Zero

multiplication_zero.py
num = 7
print("Product:", num * 0)
output.txt
Product: 0

4. Division (/)

Divides left operand by right. Result is always a float.

division.py
a = 20
b = 4
print("Quotient:", a / b)
output.txt
Quotient: 5.0

Example 2: Dividing Floats

division_float.py
x = 7.5
y = 2.5
print("Result:", x / y)
output.txt
Result: 3.0

Example 3: Division with Result < 1

division_small.py
num = 3
den = 10
print("Result:", num / den)
output.txt
Result: 0.3

5. Floor Division (//)

Divides and returns the integer part (quotient).

floor_division.py
a = 15
b = 4
print("Floor Division:", a // b)
output.txt
Floor Division: 3

Example 2: With Negative Numbers

floor_division_negative.py
x = -10
y = 3
print("Result:", x // y)
output.txt
Result: -4

Example 3: With Floats

floor_division_float.py
num = 7.5
den = 2
print("Result:", num // den)
output.txt
Result: 3.0

6. Modulus (%)

Returns remainder after division.

modulus.py
a = 17
b = 5
print("Remainder:", a % b)
output.txt
Remainder: 2

Example 2: Even or Odd Check

modulus_evenodd.py
num = 8
print("Is Even?", num % 2 == 0)
output.txt
Is Even? True

Example 3: Negative Modulus

modulus_negative.py
x = -13
y = 4
print("Result:", x % y)
output.txt
Result: 3

7. Exponentiation (**)

Raises first operand to the power of the second.

exponentiation.py
a = 2
b = 3
print("Power:", a ** b)
output.txt
Power: 8

Example 2: Square Root

exponentiation_sqrt.py
num = 16
print("Square Root:", num ** 0.5)
output.txt
Square Root: 4.0

Example 3: Negative Exponents

exponentiation_negative.py
base = 2
exp = -2
print("Result:", base ** exp)
output.txt
Result: 0.25

Summary

  • Python supports a full set of arithmetic operators.
  • Operators work on integers, floats, and mixed types.
  • Division / always returns a float, while floor division // returns an integer part.
  • Exponentiation ** is useful for power operations and square roots.
  • Use these operators for mathematical and data-processing tasks.
Type CastingComparison Operators